L'effet de l'enseignement en milieu amélioré sur le déficit de langage chez les enfants atteints de troubles du spectre autistique ou d'autres troubles du développement. Une méta-analyse et revue systématique
Mots-clés :
Developmental disabilities, Enhanced Milieu Teaching., Meta-analysis., Systematic Review, Autism spectrum disorderRésumé
Nous avons mené une méta-analyse et une revue systématique pour évaluer l'efficacité des procédures d'enseignement amélioré en milieu (EMT) sur les compétences d'apprentissage du langage chez les tout-petits et les enfants présentant des troubles du langage et de la communication concomitants avec des TSA et d'autres troubles du développement. Quinze études publiées ont été incluses dans la présente analyse, portant au total sur 67 participants à une dyade parent-enfant. Les études incluses se limitaient aux articles publiés utilisant des conceptions à sujet unique et rapportant des graphiques de conception AB. Les études qui utilisaient des conceptions de groupe ou n'affichaient pas de graphiques de conception pour un seul sujet ont été exclues. En utilisant le non-chevauchement de toutes les paires (NAP), nous avons calculé les tailles d'effet (ES) globales et spécifiques pour déterminer l'impact de l'EMT sur l'amélioration du langage et les compétences de communication des enfants participants. Nous avons ensuite comparé les effets de l'EMT sur les TSA et d'autres troubles du développement. Enfin, un tracé forestier des tailles d'effet de non-chevauchement de toutes les paires (NAP) a été fourni pour l'interprétation visuelle. Les résultats suggèrent une valeur globalement forte (ES = 0,89 avec un IC à 95 % [0,85, 0,92]). Concernant l'efficacité de l'EMT, aucune différence statistiquement significative n'a été trouvée entre les enfants participants atteints de TSA (M = 0,88, SD = 0,07) et les enfants participants ayant d'autres handicaps (M = 0,89, SD = 0,07) ; T (13) = -0,12, P = 0,90. L'EMT peut être un package technologique efficace à intégrer dans la formation des parents pour des interactions directes avec leur enfant afin de développer leurs compétences linguistiques et de communication. Nous avons en outre analysé la maintenance, la généralisation, la validité sociale des études incluses et mis en évidence certaines limites.
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